After you have unveiled end of November, the broad outlines of its energy policy for the next ten years, the government has put online a document of nearly 400 pages, which details his ambitions. This “road map” to the project to lead the transition to an energy system more efficient and more sober, more diversified and thus more resilient”, has defended the ministry of the ecological Transition in a press release.
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This programming project plurianuelle energy (PPE) must now be subjected to many instances (such as the environmental Authority) and a new notice to the public before that its guidelines are not engraved in the marble of a decree. These consultations should not modify the main lines of the text, but there can always be changes at the margin, said the ministry. The EPP is one of the instruments of implementation of the law of energy transition in 2015, including a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption, as well as a development of renewable energies to the detriment of nuclear power. The act will, however, need to be amended prior to the adoption of the EPP, to take account of some major changes. France pushes into effect from 2025 to 2035, and its goal of lowering it to 50% the share of nuclear in electricity production. The previous horizon was deemed “unrealistic” by the government.
Having opted for a path of compromise between the supporters of a rapid decline, and the willingness of household EDF, the roadmap confirms the announcements of Emmanuel Macron at the end of November with the closure of 14 nuclear reactors (out of 58) 2035.
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On the calendar of this EPP, the two reactors of Fessenheim should be closed by 2020 and two more in the years 2027 and 2028. Two others could also be arrested in 2025-26, but only if a number of criteria are met. The decision will be taken some years before. In the short term, the four coal-fired power plants still in operation will be shut down by 2022. The text refers to power plants operating “exclusively coal”, leaving the door open to conversion projects that incorporate biomass. This last point is worrying the NGOS of the environment, who are very critical of several aspects of the text. “The setbacks are not only the target of 50% nuclear, but also on the reduction of energy consumption,” says Morgane Creach, director of the Climate Action Network.
tender wind and solar
In parallel, the text unveiled on Friday details the pace of development of renewable energy tenders regular, in particular solar and onshore wind. The ambitions on offshore wind farms, already criticized by the industrial sector, remain cautious. The government wants to prioritise the technologies the least expensive, while renewables are still largely financially supported by the State.
the movement of The “yellow vests” is also passed through there, with the abandonment of the increase of the carbon tax this year, and special attention to the cost to the taxpayer of the energy transition. The roadmap indicates, however, that a “new trajectory” for the carbon tax, should be attached to the outcome of the Grand national debate. Moreover, the text confirms the delay, the last few years taken by France to reduce its energy consumption. While the act of 2015 was a decrease of 20% by 2030, the government does not table more than on a decrease of 17%. In question, in particular, the delay in the transport and construction sectors.
conversely, fossil fuels are expected to decline more quickly than expected. However, the ambitions on the biogas have been revised a little lower, at 7% of the gas consumption in 2030 instead of 10% provided for in the law on the energy transition. The manager of the transport network, GRTgaz has thus expressed its “concern for the development of the value chain for biomethane in France”.
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