Standing in front of an extensive rack of seeds at the hardware store, I reached for the cosmos. Cosmos is different from the cosmos you may be thinking of. While you may reach for the stars, I will be happy just reaching for a packet of seeds that will provide me with a riot of colour in my garden this summer — like cosmos.
Not everyone who plants gardens understands there are some enormously productive flowering plants that are best grown from seed sown directly into the garden soil. Cosmos is just one of them. It grows to just over a metre and blooms its head off in a sunny garden.
Here are my Top 6 picks for flowers that perform best from seed. Now is a great time of year to buy yours. I have found if I wait until spring, many of my favourite varieties are not available.
1. Nicotine. An unfortunate name for a wonderful flowering plant. While images of a hacking cough might be on your mind when you see the word nicotine, the truth is you will be blown away by the fragrance, once it is established. Come mid-summer, the nicotine in my garden is the biggest hit, late in the day when the air is still and the hummingbirds are at their peak of activity. “Old fashioned” nicotine produces large clusters of trumpet-shaped flowers. Grows up to two meters high. Loves the sun.
2. Calendula. “Pot Marigold.” I am not sure how this low-growing flowering plant got the name “pot marigold.” It is neither a marigold nor would anyone in their right mind smoke it. All I know for sure is that this plant produces masses of yellow or orange flowers mid-summer. I sow them in a row in my veggie garden and pick them to bring indoors. They stand up quite well in a vase and honey bees frequent the blooms in your garden. An edible flower. Thrives in full sun. Grows to 30 centimetres high.
3. Zinnia. Create a riot in your garden. If I could only recommend one flowering annual plant to you, it would be zinnia, providing you have lots of sun. Zinnias are very reliable germinators. You can cut them and bring them indoors, where they can last for up to 10 days. There are many varieties available, ranging in heights from the 30-centimetre Pom Pom to “Giant” zinnias that mature at about a metre high. They are available in a riot of colours. Require a location in full sun.
4. Sunflowers. I grow about 12 varieties of sunflowers, but then, I have a big garden. Sunflowers can take up a lot of space but man, are they easy to grow! Get kids in on the action, starting on the day of sowing the seeds. They will love the speed with which they explode through the soil and the growth that can occur during one hot, sunny day. If you have an average or small garden, consider some of the popular varieties that only mature to about 50 centimetres or less: junior, teddy bear and dwarf Pacino.
5. Nasturtium. Low growing, sometimes with a vine-like growth habit. “Hot colours” that produce for several weeks in the garden. They love the sun but last best in a “cool” part of the garden, facing east. When they look their best, they are stunning. My favourite variety is whirlybird, as they bloom outside of the foliage (while some varieties hide their flowers). Grows to 40 centimetres.
6. Morning glory. If you didn’t grow morning glories as a kid, you really missed out. Then again, you can do it now and BE a kid all over again. A twining vine that needs vertical support at least two metres high, they produce large quantities of medium-sized, trumpet-shaped blue flowers that are attractive to hummingbirds. But here is the catch: they perform best in marginal soil. If you are adding to your garden soil when sowing the seed, be sure to mix in about 30 to 40 per cent clay. When you make growth a little tough for a morning glory, you encourage it to bloom like crazy. Don’t fertilize.
Mark Cullen is an expert gardener, Order of Canada recipient, author and broadcaster. Get his free monthly newsletter at markcullen.com. Look for his new bestseller, The New Canadian Garden, published by Dundurn Press. Follow him on Twitter @MarkCullen4 and Facebook.
Mark Cullen is an expert gardener, Order of Canada recipient, author and broadcaster. Get his free monthly newsletter at markcullen.com. Look for his new bestseller, The New Canadian Garden, published by Dundurn Press. Follow him on Twitter @MarkCullen4 and Facebook.
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